Iqela lee-arhente zamazwe ngamazwe liye laxela kwangaphambili ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kubekho imozulu embi kunye neyonakalisayo kwihlabathi jikelele kwiinyanga zakutshanje.

Owona nyaka ushushu kakhulu kwirekhodi yayingu-2015-2016, xa ihlabathi lafumana i-El Nino eneenyanga ezingama-21, ngokwengxelo ekhutshwe yi-World Meteorological Organization ngoMeyi.

Ngasekupheleni kukaJuni, ijenali yeNdalo yaxela ukuba ukuba i-El Nino iqatha, inamandla okutyhala amaqondo obushushu ehlabathi ukuba abhale okanye abhale phantsi amaqondo aphezulu ngo-2024.

Ngomhla we-4 kaJulayi, i-World Meteorological Organization yagqiba ukuba isiganeko sokuqala se-El Nino kwi-tropical Pacific Ocean kwiminyaka esixhenxe, kwaye ihlabathi liya kuba nemozulu eyonakalisayo kunye neepatheni zemozulu ziphantse ziqiniseke.

Amanye amachiza aya kubangela ingozi kubushushu obuphezulu ngenxa yala manqaku mabini alandelayo:

Okokuqala, inxulumene nobume bechiza

I-inorganic pesticides kunye ne-soluble yamanzi, i-pesticides evuzayo, efana ne-sulfate yobhedu, umgubo wesulfure, umxube wesulfure wamatye, osetyenziswa kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kulula kakhulu ukwenza umonakalo weziyobisi kwizityalo, kuba ukuzinza kokwakheka kweekhemikhali kuya kutshintsha emva kokuba ubushushu obuthile, obukhokelela kumonakalo weziyobisi.

Okwesibini, inxulumene nokuxhathisa izityalo

Ukumelana neziyobisi kwizityalo ezinamagqabi ezinofele ezifana ne-Buxus macrophylla zinamandla, kwaye ukuxhathisa kweziyobisi kwizityalo ezine-cuticle ezibhityileyo zibuthathaka, kwaye kulula ukuvelisa umonakalo weziyobisi xa zisetyenziswe kwimozulu ephezulu yobushushu.

1. Abamectin

I-Abamectin sisibulali zinambuzane esibulala izinambuzane, amangolwane kunye nenematodes, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukulawula izinambuzane kwizityalo ezahlukeneyo. Inokuba kwiziphumo ezingcono kakhulu xa 20 ℃, kodwa kufuneka ingqalelo ubushushu eliphezulu, ingakumbi 38℃ ngaphezu kwexesha lokusetyenziswa, nto leyo kulula ukuba isiphumo umonakalo iziyobisi, isityalo amagqabi ukukhubazeka, amabala, isenzeko yokuyeka ukukhula. .

2.Pyraclostrobin

I-Pyraclostrobin sisibulala-zinambuzane esibanzi, esineziphumo zonyango kunye nokukhusela. Kuya kubakho umngcipheko wokulimala kweziyobisi ukuba kusetyenziswa ukugxila okuphezulu.

3.Nitenpyram

I-Nitenpyram isetyenziselwa ukulawula izinambuzane ezihlabayo kwaye kulula ukwenza umonakalo weziyobisi kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, ngoko kufuneka igwenywe. Kwaye kungcono ukutshiza kwiqondo lobushushu elingaphantsi kwe-30 ° C elingayi kubangela ukutsha kwamagqabi kunye nezinye izinto.

4.Chlorfenapyr

I-Chlorfenapyr sisitshabalalisi esibanzi, ngakumbi ngokuchasene nezinambuzane ezindala ze-lepidoptera (i-rapeseed, i-beet moth, njl.). I-Chlorfenapyr, ukushisa okufanelekileyo malunga ne-20-30 degrees, umphumo ongcono kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kweChlorfenapyr kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunokubangela ukutsha kwamagqabi; Amagqabi athenda ngakumbi phezulu nawo anomonakalo ombi kakhulu wechiza.

5. Fluazinam

I-Fluazinam inokuthintela ukudumba kweengcambu okubalaseleyo kunye nokungunda okungwevu, kwaye inokuthintela izitshabalalisi zemite, ezifana nesigcawu esibomvu se-citrus (esidala, iqanda), kwaye isiphumo solawulo singcono. I-Fluazinam iya kwandisa ithuba lokulimala kweziyobisi xa isetyenziswe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, kuba umsebenzi weFluazinam uphezulu kakhulu. Amayeza obushushu obuphezulu anokukhawulezisa ukuphuphuma kwamanzi, ngokulingana nokwandisa ukuxinana kweyeza ezingamanzi.

6.Propargite

I-Propargite ikwi-acaricide enetyhefu ephantsi, inokudibana kunye netyhefu yesisu, kunye ne-osmotic conduction. Iyakwazi ukuthintela izinambuzane ngempumelelo ngaphezulu kwe 20℃ ngelixa isiqhamo sesityalo silula kakhulu ukuvelisa isifo sokutshiswa lilanga ngaphezulu kwe 25℃.

7.Diafenthiuron

I-Diafenthiuron luhlobo olutsha lwe-thiourea insecticide, i-acaricide, kwaye inesiphumo esithile sokubulala amaqanda. Kwixesha lobushushu obuphezulu (ngaphezulu kwe 30℃) kunye neemeko zokufuma okuphezulu, iyakuvelisa umonakalo wechiza kwizithole.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubushushu bokusetyenziswa obufanelekileyo bama-arhente angentla bubhekiselele kuphela, kwaye ubushushu obuthile kufuneka buhlulwe ngokwezityalo, kwaye ubushushu obufanelekileyo bezinye izityalo bukwahlukile.

Kodwa i-2,4D, iGlyphosate kunye neChlorpyrifos ziluncedo kakhulu ehlotyeni.