Qaabka Waxqabadka iyo Horumarinta Glyphosa

Glyphosate waa nooc ka mid ah phosphine-ka dabiiciga ah ee sunta ah ee loo yaqaan 'eprodad spectum'. Glyphosate badiyaa waxay saameyn ku yeelanaysaa bisynthesis-ka ee amino acid amino amino, oo ah biosynthesis-ka bisyllalanine, tryptophanne iyo tortosine iyada oo loo marayo marinka acid ee shikim acid. Waxay leedahay wax ka qaadis xannibaada 5-enolpypyrupylsiquisicise-synthsepuse-3-phosphpase synther (oo loo xushmin kara isu-beddelka u dhexeeya shitphate-3-enolpyluvate-ka 5-enolphysufyvylsphy -vyvyldshimo-3-phosphate (EPSP), sidaa darteed glyphosis-ka Iyada oo ay la socoto Bisynthesis-kan ah ee falcelinta enzymatic, taas oo dhalisay uruurinta aashitada shikic ee vivo. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, glyphosate wuxuu sidoo kale xakamayn karaa noocyada kale ee enzymes dhirta iyo nashaadaadka xayawaanka enzyme-ka ah. Dheef-shiid kiimikaadka glyphosis-ka ee dhirta sare waa mid aad u gaabis ah waxaana la tijaabiyay in metabolite ay tahay aminomthethphosphonic acid iyo metyl amino acetic acid. Sababta oo ah waxqabadka sare ee shaqada, iyo sidoo kale sunta sunta dhirta sare ee glyphosate ee jirka dhirta, glyphosatate waxaa loo arkaa inay tahay nooc ka mid ah xakamaynta haramaha ee haramaha ah ee haramaha ah ee loo yaqaan 'haramaha' haramaha loo isticmaalo Iyo saamaynta haramaha wanaagsan, gaar ahaan aagga ballaaran ee beerista ee dalagyada glyphosa-ka-u-dulqaadashada ee glyphosate, waxay noqotay sunta aduunka ugu badan ee loo isticmaalo.

Sida laga soo xigtay qiimeynta PMRA, glyphosice ma laha hawo-mareenka oo ay u badan tahay inay u keento halista kansarka ee aadanaha. Khatarta caafimaad ee bini-aadamka ma filayaan iyada oo loo marayo qiimeynta soo-gaadhista cuntada (cuntada iyo biyaha) ee la xidhiidha isticmaalka glyphosa; Raac tilmaamaha tilmaamaha, oo looma baahna in laga walwalo nooca shaqo ee la isticmaalayo glyphoside ama halista dadka deggan. Khatarta jawiga lama filayo in la isticmaalo iyadoo la raacayo astaanta dib loo eegay, laakiin halis buufinta ah ee lagu buufiyo in lagu buufiyo ku buufiska (dhirtu, aquatic sentreterbecters iyo kalluunka agagaarka aagga arjiga).

Waxaa lagu qiyaasaa in isticmaalka caalamiga ah ee glyphosate uu noqon doono 600,000 ~ 750,000 t oo ah 2020, waxaana la filayaa inuu noqdo 740,000 ~ 920,000 ~ 920,000 t oo ah 2025, oo muujinaya korodh deg-deg ah.