Maitiro ekuita uye kukura kweglyphosate

Glyphosate imhando ye organic phosphine herbicide ine ebroad spectrum inoparadza. Glyphosate inonyanya kutora mhedzisiro nekuvhara biosynthesis yeanonhuhwirira amino acid, iyo biosynthesis ye phenylalanine, tryptophan uye tyrosine kuburikidza neshikimic acid nzira. Iine inhibitory effect pane 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSP synthase), iyo inogona kukonzera kutendeuka pakati pe shikimate-3-phosphate uye 5-enolpyruvate phosphate mu 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP), saka glyphosate inokanganisa. neiyi biosynthesis yemaitiro enzymatic, zvichiita kuti shikimic acid iunganidzwe mu vivo. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo glyphosate inogona zvakare kudzvanya mamwe marudzi ema enzymes ezvirimwa uye chiitiko che enzyme yemhuka. Iyo metabolism yeglyphosate mumiti yepamusoro inononoka uye yakaedzwa kuti metabolite yayo ndeye aminomethylphosphonic acid uye methyl amino acetic acid. Nekuda kwekushanda kwepamusoro kwekushanda, kuderera kunonoka, pamwe nekunyanya kuchetura kwechirimwa kweglyphosate mumuviri wezvirimwa, glyphosate inoonekwa semhando yakanaka yekudzora perennial sora mishonga yesora.Glyphosate yakashandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwezvakanaka zvayo zvekusasarudza kwakasimba uye zvakanaka weeding effect, kunyanya nenzvimbo huru yekurima glyphosate-inoshivirira zvirimwa zve transgenic, yave inonyanya kushandiswa pasi rose.

Zvinoenderana nekuongorora kwePMRA, glyphosate haina genotoxicity uye haina mukana wekukonzera njodzi yegomarara muvanhu. Hapana ngozi kune hutano hwevanhu inotarisirwa kuburikidza nekudya kwekutsvaga kuongororwa (zvokudya nemvura) zvine chokuita nekushandiswa kweglyphosate; Tevedza mirairo yezita, uye hapana chikonzero chekunetseka nezve rudzi rwebasa uchishandisa glyphosate kana njodzi kune vagari. Hapana njodzi kune zvakatipoteredza inotarisirwa kana ichishandiswa maererano neredhiyo yakagadziridzwa, asi chivharo chekupfapfaidza chinodiwa kuderedza njodzi inogona kuitika yekupfapfaidza kune dzisiri-zvinovavarirwa (zvinomera, invertebrates yemumvura nehove dziri pedyo nenzvimbo yekushandiswa).

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kushandiswa kwepasi rose kweglyphosate kuchava 600,000 ~ 750,000 t muna 2020, uye inotarisirwa kuva 740,000 ~ 920,000 t muna 2025, ichiratidza kukurumidza kuwedzera.Saka glyphosate icharamba iri iyo inouraya sora kwenguva yakareba.