Uburyo bwibikorwa niterambere rya glyphosate

Glyphosate ni ubwoko bwa fosifine kama yica ibyatsi hamwe na ebroad spekrifike. Glyphosate ifata cyane cyane muguhagarika biosynthesis ya aside amine ya aromatic, aribyo biosynthesis ya fenylalanine, tryptophan na tyrosine ikoresheje inzira ya aside ya shikimic. Ifite ingaruka mbi kuri 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-fosifate synthase (EPSP synthase), ishobora guhagarika ihinduka rya shikimate-3-fosifate na 5-enolpyruvate fosifate muri 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-fosifate (EPSP), bityo glyphosate ikabangamira. hamwe niyi biosynthesis ya enzymatique reaction, bivamo kwigwizaho aside shikimic muri vivo. Byongeye kandi, glyphosate irashobora kandi guhagarika ubundi bwoko bwimisemburo yibimera nibikorwa bya enzyme yinyamaswa. Metabolisme ya glyphosate mu bimera byo hejuru iratinda cyane kandi byageragejwe ko metabolite yayo ari aside aminomethylphosphonic na acide methyl amino acetike. Kubera imikorere ikora cyane, kwangirika gahoro, kimwe nuburozi bukabije bwibimera bya glyphosate mumubiri wibimera, glyphosate ifatwa nkuburyo bwiza bwo kurwanya ibyatsi bibi byatsi bimera.Glyphosate yakoreshejwe cyane kubera ibyiza byayo bidahitamo. n'ingaruka nziza zo guca nyakatsi, cyane cyane hamwe n’ahantu hanini ho guhinga glyphosate-yihanganira ibihingwa byitwa transgenji, byabaye ibyatsi bikoreshwa cyane ku isi.

Nk’uko isuzuma rya PMRA ribigaragaza, glyphosate nta genotoxique ifite kandi ntibishobora gutera kanseri abantu. Nta ngaruka z’ubuzima bwa muntu ziteganijwe binyuze mu gusuzuma imirire (ibiryo n'amazi) bijyana no gukoresha glyphosate; Kurikiza amabwiriza ya label, kandi nta mpamvu yo guhangayikishwa n'ubwoko bw'akazi ukoresheje glyphosate cyangwa ingaruka ku baturage. Nta ngaruka z’ibidukikije zitegerejweho iyo zikoreshejwe hakurikijwe ikirango cyavuguruwe, ariko harasabwa ko haterwa imiti yo gutera imiti kugira ngo igabanye ingaruka ziterwa no gutera amoko adafite intego (ibimera, inyamaswa z’inyamaswa zo mu mazi n’amafi hafi y’ahantu hasabwa).

Biteganijwe ko ikoreshwa rya glyphosate ku isi yose rizaba 600.000 ~ 750.000 t muri 2020, bikaba biteganijwe ko rizaba 740.000 ~ 920.000 t mu 2025, ryerekana ko ryiyongera vuba.Glyphosate rero izakomeza kuba imiti yica ibyatsi igihe kirekire.