Hom kev ua thiab kev loj hlob ntawm glyphosate

Glyphosate yog ib hom organic phosphine herbicide nrog ebroad spectrum exterminating. Glyphosate tsuas yog siv los ntawm kev thaiv cov biosynthesis ntawm aromatic amino acid, uas yog lub biosynthesis ntawm phenylalanine, tryptophan thiab tyrosine ntawm shikimic acid txoj kev. Nws muaj cov nyhuv inhibitory ntawm 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSP synthase), uas tuaj yeem ua rau kev hloov pauv ntawm shikimate-3-phosphate thiab 5-enolpyruvate phosphate rau hauv 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP), soferelyphosphate. Nrog rau qhov biosynthesis ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzymatic, ua rau shikimic acid tsub zuj zuj hauv vivo. Tsis tas li ntawd, glyphosate tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lwm yam ntawm cov nroj tsuag enzymes thiab cov tsiaj enzymes. Cov metabolism hauv glyphosate hauv cov nroj tsuag siab dua yog qeeb heev thiab nws tau raug kuaj tias nws cov metabolite yog aminomethylphosphonic acid thiab methyl amino acetic acid. Vim tias muaj kev ua haujlwm siab, qeeb degradation, nrog rau kev cog qoob loo siab ntawm glyphosate hauv cov nroj tsuag lub cev, glyphosate tau suav tias yog ib hom kev tswj xyuas cov nroj tsuag perennial herbicides.Glyphosate tau dav siv vim nws qhov zoo ntawm cov tsis muaj zog. thiab cov nroj tsuag zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog thaj tsam loj ntawm kev cog qoob loo ntawm glyphosate-hloov cov qoob loo transgenic, nws tau dhau los ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv ntiaj teb.

Raws li kev ntsuam xyuas PMRA, glyphosate tsis muaj genotoxicity thiab tsis tshua muaj peev xwm ua rau mob qog noj ntshav rau tib neeg. Tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv yuav tsum tau los ntawm kev ntsuas kev noj zaub mov (khoom noj thiab dej) cuam tshuam nrog kev siv glyphosate; Ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm daim ntawv lo, thiab tsis tas yuav txhawj xeeb txog hom kev ua haujlwm uas siv glyphosate lossis kev pheej hmoo rau cov neeg nyob hauv. Tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo rau ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau siv thaum siv raws li cov ntawv kho dua tshiab, tab sis yuav tsum muaj cov tshuaj tsuag tsis zoo los txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev txau rau cov hom tsis yog hom phiaj (cov nroj tsuag, cov dej tsis muaj zog thiab cov ntses nyob ib puag ncig ntawm daim ntawv thov cheeb tsam).

Nws tau kwv yees tias kev siv glyphosate thoob ntiaj teb yuav yog 600,000 ~ 750,000 t hauv xyoo 2020, thiab nws xav tias yuav yog 740,000 ~ 920,000 t hauv 2025, uas qhia tau tias muaj kev nce sai. Yog li glyphosate yuav nyob twj ywm rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau lub sijhawm ntev.