Yanayin aiki da haɓaka glyphosate

Glyphosate wani nau'i ne na kwayoyin phosphine herbicide tare da kawar da bakan gizo-gizo. Glyphosate galibi yana ɗaukar tasiri ta hanyar toshe biosynthesis na amino acid aromatic, wato biosynthesis na phenylalanine, tryptophan da tyrosine ta hanyar shikimic acid. Yana da tasiri mai hanawa akan 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSP synthase), wanda zai iya haifar da juyawa tsakanin shikimate-3-phosphate da 5-enolpyruvate phosphate zuwa 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP), don haka glyphosate tsoma baki. tare da wannan biosynthesis na halayen enzymatic, yana haifar da tarin shikimic acid a cikin vivo. Bugu da ƙari, glyphosate kuma na iya kashe wasu nau'ikan enzymes na shuka da aikin enzyme na dabba. Metabolism na glyphosate a cikin tsire-tsire mafi girma yana jinkiri sosai kuma an gwada cewa metabolite shine aminomethylphosphonic acid da methyl amino acetic acid. Saboda babban aikin aiki, raguwar jinkirin, da kuma yawan guba na tsire-tsire na glyphosate a cikin jikin tsire-tsire, ana ɗaukar glyphosate a matsayin nau'in nau'i mai mahimmanci na sarrafa ciyawa na herbicides. da kuma sakamako mai kyau na weeding, musamman tare da babban yanki na noma na glyphosate-haƙuri transgenic amfanin gona, ya zama mafi amfani da herbicide a duniya.

Bisa ga kima na PMRA, glyphosate ba shi da genotoxicity kuma yana da wuya ya haifar da hadarin ciwon daji a cikin mutane. Babu wani haɗari ga lafiyar ɗan adam da ake tsammanin ta hanyar ƙididdigar bayyanar abinci (abinci da ruwa) da ke hade da amfani da glyphosate; Bi umarnin lakabin, kuma babu buƙatar damuwa game da nau'in sana'a ta amfani da glyphosate ko haɗari ga mazauna. Ba za a yi tsammanin haɗari ga muhalli ba idan aka yi amfani da su daidai da lakabin da aka yi bita, amma ana buƙatar buffer don rage yiwuwar fesa ga nau'in da ba na manufa ba (ciyayi, invertebrates na ruwa da kifi a kusa da wurin aikace-aikacen).

An kiyasta cewa amfani da glyphosate na duniya zai zama 600,000 ~ 750,000 t a cikin 2020, kuma ana sa ran ya zama 740,000 ~ 920,000 t a cikin 2025, yana nuna karuwa mai sauri. Don haka glyphosate zai kasance mai rinjaye herbicide na dogon lokaci.